E-cigarette sales are climbing — and it's primarily young people who are getting hooked.
Those between the ages of 18 and 24 vape the most, but 9% of youth between 11 and 15 years old say they’re regular vapors, according to data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
One of them, 22-year-old Jackson Allard of North Dakota, almost lost his life due to his vaping habit — and now he's warning others of the dangers.
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Besides leading to addiction, vaping can cause permanent lung damage, according to the CDC.
Last October, Allard developed parainfluenza, which led to pneumonia and then acute respiratory distress syndrome. His lungs were full of fluid.
"I was really sick, barely able to sleep, puking constantly," Allard told Fox News.
The young man was on ECMO, a form of life support, for 70 days.
"I had a 1% chance to live," Allard said.
His lungs were damaged so badly that in Jan. 2024, he received a double lung transplant — a rare procedure for someone his age.
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"The first thing that went through my head was, ‘Can I live a normal life after this?’" Allard said.
Allard and his family live in Fargo, North Dakota, but they're renting an apartment in Minneapolis while he recovers from his transplant.
Twice a week, he attends rehabilitation and gets weekly bloodwork. He also gets his PICC line, a tube connected to his veins for long-term medication, cleaned each week. Allard takes 30 pills a day and his family is responsible for giving him his IV medication.
Based on his doctors' input, Allard and his grandmother, Doreen Hurlburt, believe vaping is to blame for his lung failure.
"When I first started vaping, I was probably 14. I was pretty much non-stop doing it," Allard said. He later started using a weed vape as well.
"I told my friend who smokes weed, I was like, ‘Be careful with that,'" Allard said, suggesting that people use marijuana gummies instead of vapes.
His grandmother, Doreen Hurlburt, said she complained daily about Jackson’s vaping habits.
"Multiple doctors said, 'If you smoke cigarettes for 50 years, we'll see you with lung cancer, and if you vape for five years, we'll see you with permanent lung damage,'" Hurlburt told Fox News.
Allard can’t drink alcohol or smoke, and his weakened immune system means he has to avoid big crowds.
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Dr. Brooke Moore, a pediatric pulmonologist at Children’s Minnesota, did not treat Allard but often sees patients with vaping-related lung injuries.
"We've seen kids who have been vaping for short periods of time, and not necessarily with heavy use, come in with pretty significant lung injury from that," Moore told Fox News.
The majority of the patients Moore sees with vaping-related issues are between 16 and 19 years old.
Some patients have lung injury and others have milder respiratory symptoms.
"We’ve done a very good job of educating youth about not starting to smoke traditional tobacco-based cigarettes," Moore said.
"With vaping products, we don't have as much long-term data, but in the short term, the risk seems to be as high as cigarettes — and I would argue in some cases worse."
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Moore said her patients typically vape THC and nicotine.
"It doesn't seem to be that vaping just nicotine or just THC is less of a risk for lung disease than one or the other," she said.
Most vaping patients have some underlying mental health concerns, such as anxiety, depression or a combination of those, the doctor noted.
"They’re using their vape products to self-medicate," Moore said. "It shows there is a much bigger issue at play than just people vaping to vape."
In 2019, there was an outbreak of e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury, or EVALI. Those cases were linked to vitamin E acetate in vaping products.
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As of Feb. 2020, more than 2,800 patients had been admitted to various hospitals in the U.S. due to EVALI, with 68 deaths reported.
But in 2020, the CDC stopped tracking EVALI cases.
That’s when Johns Hopkins Children’s Center Dr. Christy Sadreameli started to pay more attention.
"If you were to ask me how many cases of EVALI happen every year in the U.S., we don't know that anymore," Sadreameli told Fox News Digital.
"It's definitely still out there. And I'm still concerned about it."
Many of the vape products commonly sold are "kind of on the market illegally," Sadreameli added.
"They haven't gone through the FDA review or approval process, and it's hard to enforce something like that. These things were already being sold," she continued.
"They're kind of on the market without approval and without undergoing review. So that's kind of messed up."
Symptoms of vaping-related lung injury include coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, fever or gastrointestinal symptoms, according to WebMD.
If people who often vape are experiencing a combination of those symptoms, they should see a doctor as soon as possible, experts advise.
Patients who want to quit can work with their doctor to make a plan.
There are also cessation support groups and programs available.
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